Molecular Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer
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Molecular Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer |
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| Region | Incidence Overall | Incidence Males | Incidence Females | Deaths Overall | Deaths Males | Deaths Females |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA | 43140 | 21370 | 21770 | 36800 | 18770 | 18030 |
| Source: American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2010. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2010 | ||||||
| Affected Protein | Pathway | Sub-Type | Ethnicity | Stage | Frequency (%) | Gene Amplification | Activating Mutation | Inactivating Mutation | Deletion | Promoter Hypermethylation | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACVR1B | 5-10% | |||||||||||
| AKT2 | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 10 - 20 | |||||||||
| BRCA2 | DNA-Repair |
10% | germline mutation | |||||||||
| C-Myc | Cell Cycle Regulation |
20-30% | ||||||||||
| CDH10 | Cell-cell adhesion |
pancreatic carcinoma | USA | 12% | ||||||||
| cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) | 95% | protein expression, no expression in normal pancreas | ||||||||||
| COX-2 | 44 - 90% | mRNA and protein overexpression | ||||||||||
| EGFR (ErbB-1 receptor) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
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| EGFR (ErbB-1 receptor) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
unresectable metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma | Korea | 41% | ||||||||
| ErbB-2 (Her2/neu) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
25% | ||||||||||
| ErbB-2 (Her2/neu) | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 10 - 45% | Overexpression as a result of increased transcription | ||||||||
| ErbB-3 | 60-70% | mRNA overexpression | ||||||||||
| GADD45a | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) | Japan | 14% | ||||||||
| IGF-1 receptor | Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling |
65% | overexpression | |||||||||
| KRAS | Ras Signal Transduction Pathway |
primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma | USA | early | 75 - 100% | |||||||
| LKB1/STK11 | 5-10% | |||||||||||
| LSM1 (CaSm) | RNA degradation |
pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 87% | overexpression | ||||||||
| LSM1 (CaSm) | RNA degradation |
pancreatic endocrine tumor (PET) | 47% | mRNA overexpression | ||||||||
| MLL3 (myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia | Transcriptional regulation |
advanced pancreatic carcinoma | USA | 25% | ||||||||
| MYB | ||||||||||||
| Notch 3 | Notch signaling pathway |
adenocarcinoma | 70% | overexpression | ||||||||
| p16INK4a (CDKN2A) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
90% | loss of function | |||||||||
| p16INK4a (CDKN2A) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
40% | ||||||||||
| p16INK4a (CDKN2A) | Cell Cycle Regulation |
10-15% | ||||||||||
| p53 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
8% | ||||||||||
| p53 | p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway |
primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma | USA | early | 50-75% | |||||||
| PCDH15 (protocadherin 15 ) | Cell-cell adhesion |
16% | ||||||||||
| PI3-kinase p110 alpha subunit | PI3-Kinase Signaling |
intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm/carcinoma | 10% | |||||||||
| SCAP2 | 63% | |||||||||||
| SMAD4 (DPC4) | TGF-beta Signaling |
late | 50 - 55% | |||||||||
| SMAD4 (DPC4) | TGF-beta Signaling |
late | 25-30% | |||||||||
| SMAD4 (DPC4) | TGF-beta Signaling |
30% | ||||||||||
| TGFBR1 | TGF-beta Signaling |
5-10% | ||||||||||
| TGFBR2 | TGF-beta Signaling |
5-12% |
| CANCER.GOV PDQ® - Standard Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer | ||
